Field Marshal Mohammad Ayub Khan, often known as Ayub Khan, was the second president of Pakistan, serving from 1958 until his forced resignation in 1969. He is notable for being the first self-appointed https://www.wikiwhat.page/kavramlar/Military%20Dictator of Pakistan.
Early Life and Military Career: Born in Rehana, British India, Ayub Khan received his education at Aligarh Muslim University and the Royal Military College, Sandhurst. He served in the https://www.wikiwhat.page/kavramlar/British%20Indian%20Army and later in the Pakistan Army after partition. He rose rapidly through the ranks, becoming the first native commander-in-chief of the army in 1951.
Presidency: Ayub Khan seized power in a https://www.wikiwhat.page/kavramlar/Military%20Coup in 1958, declaring martial law and subsequently becoming president. His rule was characterized by a period of economic growth known as the "Decade of Development," but also by authoritarianism and suppression of political dissent. He introduced the concept of "Basic Democracies," a system of local councils intended to provide a basis for political participation but largely controlled by the government. The https://www.wikiwhat.page/kavramlar/1965%20War with India was a major event during his presidency.
Later Years and Legacy: Ayub Khan's rule faced increasing opposition in the late 1960s, culminating in widespread protests. He resigned in 1969, handing over power to General Yahya Khan. His legacy remains controversial, with some praising his economic policies and others criticizing his authoritarian style and the political instability that ultimately led to the breakup of Pakistan in 1971.
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